Research paper

Runtime safety · Redirecting motion using a danger index

A danger index based on potential-impact factors triggers real-time trajectory changes above a threshold. Simulations and articulated-robot experiments evaluate motions intended to reduce the index.

Reviewed 2026-11-05 · Source and bibliography checked

Bibliographic details and the editorial overview were checked against the original source. Access conditions and editions are identified with the source.

Original title: Real-time safety for human–robot interaction
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Authors: Dana Kulić, Elizabeth A. Croft
DOI: 10.1016/j.robot.2005.10.005
Publication date: 2006-01
Source language: en
Edition: Robotics and Autonomous Systems; 2006-01; DOI 10.1016/j.robot.2005.10.005
Access: Publisher abstract · restricted full text
Publication status: Published

Related resources and engineering notes

Turn each safety function into evidence

Source overview

A danger index based on potential-impact factors triggers real-time trajectory changes above a threshold. Simulations and articulated-robot experiments evaluate motions intended to reduce the index.

Use and review

Abstract and bibliography checked. Stability of the danger-index response alone does not establish injury prevention; sensing, models and response time need review.

Sources & editions

Real-time safety for human–robot interaction ↗

Elsevier BV · Robotics and Autonomous Systems; 2006-01; DOI 10.1016/j.robot.2005.10.005

Robotics and Autonomous Systems original abstract, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921889005001685; publication2006-01.